Vegetarian and Vegan Dining in Japan: Navigating the Land of Fish and Meat

Japan is a country celebrated for its culinary delights—sushi, ramen, tempura, and countless other dishes that have won the hearts of food lovers worldwide. But for vegetarians and vegans, navigating Japan’s food scene can be a bit challenging. Traditional Japanese cuisine is often centered around fish, meat, and seafood-based broths, which can make finding plant-based options tricky. But don’t worry—whether you’re a vegetarian, vegan, or simply looking to try something new, there are plenty of delicious and satisfying options to enjoy in Japan.

Understanding Japanese Cuisine: The Basics

Before we dive into where to find vegetarian and vegan meals, it’s important to understand that many traditional Japanese dishes include ingredients like dashi (a broth made from fish flakes) or are cooked with animal-based products. Even seemingly vegetarian dishes, like miso soup or vegetable tempura, may contain fish or meat derivatives.

However, Japan also has a long history of plant-based eating, thanks to the influence of Buddhist vegetarian cuisine known as shojin ryori. This ancient practice offers a foundation for the country’s modern vegetarian and vegan offerings.

Vegetarian and Vegan-Friendly Dishes to Try

While it’s true that many traditional Japanese dishes contain animal products, there are still plenty of delicious plant-based options to enjoy. Here are some to look out for:

• Shojin Ryori: This is traditional Buddhist cuisine, entirely plant-based, often served in temples and specialty restaurants. It includes dishes like grilled tofu, sesame tofu, pickled vegetables, and vegetable tempura, all made without meat, fish, or dairy.

• Zaru Soba: Cold buckwheat noodles served with a soy-based dipping sauce. Ask for the sauce without dashi to keep it vegan.

• Yudofu: A simple but delicious dish of tofu simmered in a light broth, usually served with dipping sauces. Again, ask to omit the dashi if necessary.

• Nasu Dengaku: Grilled eggplant topped with a sweet miso glaze. Be sure to confirm the miso is made without dashi.

• Vegetable Sushi: Many sushi restaurants offer vegetable sushi rolls, such as cucumber (kappa maki) or pickled radish (shinko maki). Just double-check that there’s no fish-based seasoning used.

• Edamame and Goma-ae: Simple but tasty sides like boiled soybeans and spinach with sesame dressing are naturally vegan and widely available.

• Vegan Ramen: While most traditional ramen contains pork or chicken broth, there are an increasing number of vegan ramen shops offering rich, flavorful soups made with plant-based broths.

Finding Vegetarian and Vegan Restaurants

In recent years, Japan has seen a growing number of vegetarian and vegan-friendly restaurants, particularly in larger cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka. Here are some tips on finding them:

• Use Apps: Apps like HappyCow and VegeMap are great for locating vegetarian and vegan-friendly restaurants in Japan. They provide reviews, photos, and information on menu options.

• Look for Organic Cafes: Organic and health-focused cafes often have vegetarian and vegan options on the menu. These cafes are usually more common in urban areas.

• Seek Out Temple Cuisine: In Kyoto and other historical cities, you’ll find restaurants serving shojin ryori—Buddhist temple cuisine that’s entirely plant-based. This is an excellent way to experience traditional Japanese food in a vegetarian-friendly way.

And for some delicious restaurants recommendations

Tokyo

• Ain Soph. (Multiple Locations): Ain Soph is a popular vegan chain in Tokyo, known for its delicious plant-based menu, including dishes like vegan ramen, burgers, and pancakes. Each location offers a slightly different menu, but all are dedicated to serving 100% vegan meals.

• T’s Tantan (Tokyo Station and Jiyugaoka): T’s Tantan is a vegan ramen shop located inside Tokyo Station, making it a convenient stop for travelers. They offer a variety of ramen styles, from creamy sesame to spicy tomato, all made with plant-based ingredients.

• Nagi Shokudo (Shibuya): This cozy little restaurant offers a fully vegan menu, including Japanese set meals, curry, and a variety of creative vegan dishes. It’s a great spot to enjoy traditional Japanese flavors in a vegan format.

Kyoto

• Mikoan (Central Kyoto): A hidden gem in Kyoto, Mikoan is a quirky, intimate restaurant offering a variety of vegan and vegetarian dishes. The menu changes daily, but you can expect hearty, homemade meals in a relaxed setting.

• Vegans Cafe and Restaurant (Fushimi-Inari): Located near the famous Fushimi Inari Shrine, this restaurant serves up vegan versions of Japanese classics like ramen, udon, and okonomiyaki. It’s a great spot to refuel after visiting the shrine.

• Shigetsu (Arashiyama): Located inside the Tenryu-ji Temple, Shigetsu serves traditional shojin ryori (Buddhist temple cuisine). The menu is entirely plant-based and offers a unique opportunity to experience Japanese vegetarian cuisine in a serene temple setting.

Osaka

• Paprika Shokudo Vegan (Namba): This trendy vegan restaurant offers a mix of Japanese and international dishes, all made with organic and locally sourced ingredients. The menu includes everything from vegan sushi to pasta and desserts.

• Green Earth (Central Osaka): One of Osaka’s oldest vegetarian restaurants, Green Earth serves a variety of vegetarian and vegan dishes, including burgers, sandwiches, and Japanese-style set meals. It’s a friendly, casual spot perfect for a relaxed meal.

• Elk (Shinsaibashi): Elk is a pancake house that offers vegan options. Their fluffy vegan pancakes are a hit, and they also serve vegan-friendly lunches and drinks.

Navigating Menus and Ordering

One of the biggest challenges for vegetarians and vegans in Japan is the language barrier, especially when it comes to understanding menus. Here are some tips to help you order with confidence:

• Learn Key Phrases: It’s helpful to learn a few Japanese phrases, such as “watashi wa bejitarian desu” (I am vegetarian) or “watashi wa bīgan desu” (I am vegan). You can also say, “niku, sakana, dashi, tamago, nyūseihin nashi de” (without meat, fish, fish broth, eggs, or dairy).

• Use a Translation App: Apps like Google Translate can help you understand menus and communicate your dietary preferences to the staff.

• Be Specific: When ordering, be clear about what you can’t eat. For example, ask for dishes without dashi, or confirm that the tempura batter doesn’t contain eggs.

While Japan might not seem like the most obvious destination for vegetarians and vegans, with a little research and preparation, you’ll find plenty of delicious plant-based options to enjoy. Whether you’re savoring a bowl of vegan ramen in Tokyo, enjoying shojin ryori in Kyoto, or discovering hidden gem cafes in Osaka, Japan offers a culinary adventure that everyone can appreciate—no matter your dietary preferences.

Frequently asked questions

How can I explain my dietary restrictions in Japanese at restaurants?

It’s helpful to learn key phrases such as “watashi wa bīgan desu” (I am vegan) or “watashi wa bejitarian desu” (I am vegetarian). You can also say, “niku, sakana, dashi nashi de” (without meat, fish, or fish broth). Alternatively, use translation apps like Google Translate to communicate your needs.

Can I find vegetarian or vegan options in smaller cities in Japan?

While larger cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka have more dedicated vegan/vegetarian restaurants, it can be harder in smaller towns. Apps like HappyCow can help, but in rural areas, consider seeking out shojin ryori or cooking your own meals if needed.

What should I look for on menus to avoid fish-based broths or meat?

Common ingredients to watch out for include dashi (fish broth), bonito flakes, and miso soup made with fish stock. Be sure to ask if a dish contains “dashi” (fish broth) or “niku” (meat), even if it seems vegetarian.

Are there convenience store options for vegetarians and vegans?

Yes, Japanese convenience stores often have simple vegan-friendly snacks like onigiri (rice balls), edamame, and salads. Check the labels for ingredients or ask staff if unsure.

What’s the best app to find vegetarian and vegan restaurants in Japan?

HappyCow and VegeMap are the go-to apps for locating vegan and vegetarian restaurants across Japan, with reviews and up-to-date menu details.